23 Werurwe 2021 Iterambere ry'Ubukungu
Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku mutungo bwite mu by’ubwenge wasohoye raporo nshya uyu munsi, ivuga ko mu myaka ya vuba aha, udushya twa "ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu gukemura ibikorwa bya muntu, icyerekezo, n'izindi mbogamizi n'ingorane byagaragaje "izamuka ry'imibare ibiri", kandi guhuza kwaryo n'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa buri munsi byarushijeho kuba hafi.
Marco El Alamein, Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije ushinzwe Umutungo bwite mu by'Ubwenge n'Udushya mu Bidukikije, yagize ati: "Kuri ubu, hari abantu barenga miliyari imwe ku isi bakeneye gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu gusaza. Bitewe n'uko umubare w'abaturage ugenda wiyongera, uyu mubare uzikuba kabiri mu myaka icumi iri imbere."
Raporo yiswe "Raporo y'Iterambere ry'Ikoranabuhanga rya WIPO 2021: Ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu buvuzi" yavuze ko kuva ku kunoza ibikorwa bihari kugeza ku bushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, guhanga udushya mu rwego rwa "Ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu buvuzi" bishobora guteza imbere cyane ubuzima bw'abafite ubumuga no kubafasha gukora, kuvugana no gukora ahantu hatandukanye. Guhuza ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bya Consumer bituma iri koranabuhanga rirushaho gucuruzwa.
Raporo igaragaza ko mu mapatanti yatanzwe mu gice cya mbere cya 1998-2020, harimo amapatanti arenga 130000 ajyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu buvuzi, harimo amagare y'abamugaye ashobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'ubutaka butandukanye, inzogera zirinda ibidukikije, n'ibikoresho bifasha mu gupima umwijima. Muri byo, umubare w'amapatanti yakoreshejwe mu buvuzi bushya bwa Assistance wageze kuri 15592, harimo robo zifasha mu buvuzi, porogaramu zo mu rugo zigezweho, ibikoresho byo kwambara ku bantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona, n'indorerwamo zigezweho. Umubare mpuzandengo w'umwaka w'amapatanti yakoreshejwe wiyongereyeho 17% hagati ya 2013 na 2017.
Nk’uko raporo ibivuga, ikoranabuhanga mu bidukikije n’imikorere yabyo ni byo bintu bibiri bikunze kugaragara mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rifasha mu buvuzi. Igipimo mpuzandengo cy’izamuka ry’ipatanti buri mwaka ni 42% na 24% uko bikurikirana. Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu bidukikije rikubiyemo ibikoresho byo kuyobora n’ibikoresho byo gufasha mu bikorwa rusange, mu gihe udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rigendanwa rikubiyemo amagare y’abamugaye yigenga, ibikoresho byo kuringaniza ibintu, inkoni z’ubwenge, "prosthetics z’imitsi" zakozwe n’ikoranabuhanga rya 3D icapa, hamwe n’"Exoskeleton yambarwa" ishobora kongera imbaraga no kugenda.
Uburyo bwo gukorana hagati y'abantu na mudasobwa
Umuryango uharanira uburenganzira ku mutungo wavuze ko mu 2030, ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n’imikorere y’abantu na mudasobwa rizatera imbere cyane, ibyo bikaba byafasha abantu kugenzura neza ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bigoye nka mudasobwa na telefoni zigendanwa. Muri icyo gihe, ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura ibidukikije n’iry’ubufasha bwo kumva ryiganjemo ubwonko bw’umuntu naryo ryateye imbere cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha, ritanga ubufasha bwinshi ku bantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva, muri bo harimo imashini ziteye imbere za Cochlear zigize hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’ikoreshwa ry’ipatanti muri uru rwego.
Nk’uko WIPO ibivuga, ikoranabuhanga rikura vuba mu bijyanye no kumva ni "ibikoresho bitwara amagufwa" bidakoreshwa mu buryo butunguranye, aho ikoreshwa ryabyo buri mwaka ryiyongereyeho 31%, kandi guhuza kwaryo n'ibikoresho bisanzwe by'ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuvuzi nabyo birakomera.
Irene Kitsara, Umuyobozi ushinzwe Amakuru mu Ishami rishinzwe Umutungo w’Ubwenge n’Udushya mu Kigo gishinzwe Umutungo w’Ubwenge, yagize ati: "Ubu turabona ko ibikoresho byo mu mutwe byemewe n’Ikigo gishinzwe Ibiribwa n’Imiti muri Amerika bigurishwa mu maduka rusange, kandi bifatwa nk'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bishobora gufasha abantu badafite ubumuga bwo kutumva, Urugero, ikoranabuhanga rya "Gutwara amagufwa" rishobora gukoreshwa kuri ecouteur zakozwe by’umwihariko ku biruka.
Impinduramatwara y'ubwenge
Imiryango iharanira uburenganzira ku mutungo yavuze ko ibikorwa nk'ibi bisanzwe by' "ubutasi" bizakomeza gutera imbere, nk'ama-"smart diapers" na robots zifasha abana kugaburira abana, ari udushya tubiri tw’ibanze mu bijyanye no kwita ku buzima bw’umuntu ku giti cye.
Kisala yagize ati: "Iri koranabuhanga rishobora no gukoreshwa mu buvuzi bw'ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo rifashe mu kunoza ubuzima bw'abantu. Mu gihe kiri imbere, ibicuruzwa nk'ibyo bizakomeza kugaragara, kandi ipiganwa ku isoko rizarushaho kuba rinini. Bimwe mu bicuruzwa bihenze byafatwaga nk'ibintu bidasanzwe kugeza ubu nabyo bizatangira kugabanuka ku giciro."
Isesengura ry’amakuru yerekeye ubusabe bw’ipatanti ryakozwe na WIPO rigaragaza ko Ubushinwa, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubudage, Ubuyapani, na Koreya y'Epfo ari byo bihugu bitanu by’ingenzi bitanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu buvumbuzi, kandi umubare w’abasaba ubushakashatsi baturutse mu Bushinwa na Koreya y'Epfo wiyongera uko umwaka utashye, ibyo bikaba byaratangiye kunyeganyeza umwanya w’igihe kirekire wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’Ubuyapani muri uru rwego.
Nk’uko WIPO ibivuga, mu busabe bw’ipatanti mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rifasha mu buvuzi, za kaminuza n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi bya leta ni byo bigaragara cyane, bingana na 23% by’abasaba, mu gihe abavumbuzi bigenga ari bo basabaga ikoranabuhanga gakondo rifasha mu buvuzi, ringana na 40% by’abasaba bose, kandi abarenga kimwe cya gatatu cyabo bari mu Bushinwa.
WIPO yavuze ko umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge wateje imbere udushya mu ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu buvuzi. Kuri ubu, kimwe cya cumi cy'abantu ku isi ni bo bonyine bagifite uburyo bwo kubona ibikoresho by'ubufasha bikenewe. Umuryango mpuzamahanga ukwiye gukomeza guteza imbere udushya ku isi mu ikoranabuhanga rifasha mu buvuzi hakurikijwe Amasezerano y'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ku Burenganzira bw'Abantu bafite Ubumuga na OMS no guteza imbere uburyo iri koranabuhanga rirushaho gukwirakwira kugira ngo rigirire akamaro abantu benshi.
Ibyerekeye Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Umutungo bwite mu by’Ubwenge
Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Umutungo bwite mu by’Ubwenge, ufite icyicaro gikuru i Jeneve, ni ihuriro rikomeye ku isi ryo guteza imbere politiki, serivisi, amakuru, n’ubufatanye. Nk’ikigo cyihariye cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, WIPO ifasha ibihugu 193 bigize umuryango wayo mu guteza imbere amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga umutungo bwite mu by’Ubwenge ahuriza hamwe inyungu z’impande zose kandi agahuza n’ibikenewe mu iterambere ry’imibereho myiza. Uyu muryango utanga serivisi z’ubucuruzi zijyanye no kubona uburenganzira ku mutungo bwite mu by’Ubwenge no gukemura amakimbirane mu bihugu byinshi, ndetse na gahunda zo kongerera ubushobozi ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere kugira ngo yungukire mu ikoreshwa ry’umutungo bwite mu by’Ubwenge. Byongeye kandi, unatanga uburenganzira bwo kugera ku bubiko bwihariye bw’amakuru ku mutungo bwite mu by’Ubwenge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-11-2023
